![]() ![]() ![]() Surgical options may include joint fusion, joint replacement, or reconstructive surgery. Surgery for pencil-in-cup deformity is typically a last resort. Physical and occupational therapies can also help keep the issue from worsening, relieve symptoms, maintain flexibility, reduce strain on the hands and feet, and protect the joints from injury. Corticosteroids: Corticosteroids may help reduce swelling and pain in joints by suppressing the body’s immune response.An example of an over-the-counter NSAID is ibuprofen (Advil). Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs): These may help relieve or reduce pain by lowering levels of inflammation in the joint.They interrupt certain chemicals involved in inflammation and are available as injections or infusions. Biologics: These are a different type of DMARD.Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs): These suppress the immune system broadly and are available as pills or injections.Specific treatments depend on the severity of the deformity and the underlying cause.įor pencil-in-cup deformities resulting from psoriatic arthritis, doctors may recommend one of or a combination of the medications below: The aim is to limit bone deterioration, relieve pain, and maintain the functioning of the hands and feet. Treatments typically include medications, physical and occupational therapy, and surgery. This can cause pencil-in-cup deformity.įor someone with pencil-in-cup deformity, it is important to receive treatment as soon as possible to prevent further bone loss and joint damage. Instead, the soft tissues of the bones collapse. However, in people with arthritis mutilans, bone tissue rebuilding does not occur. This is part of the bone modeling process, which involves the breakdown and absorption of old bone tissue. Arthritis mutilansĪrthritis mutilans is a severe form of arthritis that destroys bone and cartilage within joints and causes bone resorption. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) note that the cause is unknown, but that risk factors include genetics and environmental triggers. Rheumatoid arthritis is also an autoimmune condition. While experts are unsure of the cause, they believe that it may involve genetic factors and environmental triggers. Evidence suggests that psoriatic arthritis occurs in about 30% of people with psoriasis. This causes inflammation that leads to joint damage. Psoriatic arthritis is an autoimmune condition - it results from the immune system attacking healthy tissue. To better understand the cause of pencil-in-cup deformity, it helps to know more about the two conditions most frequently associated with it: psoriatic arthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. Hong Kong Bulletin of Rheumatic Diseases. Share on Pinterest Leung, Ying Ying, Tam, Lai-Shan, W KUN, Emily, Li, Edmund. ![]()
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